Iyo inotungamira pasi rose inyanzvi kugadzira magineti zvikamu

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Kuchinja kwesimba rekugadzira simboti + yedunhu dhiyagiramu kuongororwa (Chikamu 2)

(A) Iyo yekuumbwa musimboti weiyo switching power supply

1.1 Input circuit

Linear sefa redunhu, kuvhiya ikozvino kudzvinyirira wedunhu, rectifier redunhu.
Basa: Shandura iyo yekuisa gidhi AC magetsi ekuisa mune iyo DC yekupinza magetsi emagetsi ekuchinja anoenderana nezvinodiwa.
1.1.1 Linear sefa yedunhu
Dzvinyirira harmonics uye ruzha
1.1.2 Surge filter circuit
Dzvinyirira surge ikozvino kubva kune grid
1.1.3 Rectifier circuit
Shandura AC kuita DC
Kune marudzi maviri: capacitor yekupinda mhando uye choke coil yekuisa mhando. Mazhinji ekuchinja magetsi emagetsi ndeaya ekare

1.2 Shanduko yedunhu

Iine switching circuit, output isolation (converter) circuit, etc. Ndiyo nzira huru yekushandura magetsishanduko, uye inopedzisa kutema modulation uye kubuda kweiyo magetsi emagetsi waveform nesimba.
Iyo yekuchinjisa simba chubhu padanho iri ndiyo musimboti mudziyo wayo.

1.2.1 Kushandura dunhu
Dhiraivha mode: kuzvifadza, kunze kufara
Shanduko yedunhu: yakasarudzika, isina-yakasarudzika, resonant
Zvishandiso zvemagetsi: Inonyanya kushandiswa ndeye GTR, MOSFET, IGBT
Modulation mode: PWM, PFM, uye hybrid. PWM ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa.
1.2.2 Shanduro inobuda
Yakakamurwa kuita shaft-isina uye shaft-ine. Hapana shaft inodiwa pahafu-wave rectification uye ikozvino-doubler kugadzirisa. Shaft inodiwa kune yakazara-wave.

1.3 Kudzora dunhu

Ipa modulated rectangular pulses kune dhiraivha redunhu kugadzirisa inobuda voltage.

Reference circuit: Ipa voltage referensi. Zvakadai senge parallel referensi LM358, AD589, akateedzana referensi AD581, REF192, nezvimwe.

Sampling circuit: Tora zvese kana chikamu cheiyo inobuda voltage.

Kuenzanisa kukwidziridzwa: Enzanisa iyo sampling siginecha nereferenzi chiratidzo kuti ugadzire chiratidzo chekukanganisa chekudzora simba rekupa PM wedunhu.

V / F shanduko: Shandura chiratidzo chekukanganisa voltage kuita frequency chiratidzo.

Oscillator: Gadzira yakakwira-frequency oscillation wave

Base drive circuit: Shandura iyo modulated oscillation siginecha kuti ive yakakodzera kudzora chiratidzo kutyaira hwaro hweiyo switch chubhu.

1.4 Kubuda kwedunhu

Kugadzirisa uye kusefa
Gadzirisa inobuda voltage kuita pulsating DC uye inyorove muyakadzika-ripple DC voltage. Tekinoroji yekunatsiridza tekinoroji ikozvino ine hafu-wave, yakazara-wave, inogara isimba, ikozvino yakapetwa kaviri, synchronous uye dzimwe nzira dzekugadzirisa.

(B) Ongororo yeakasiyana-siyana topological magetsi emagetsi

2.1 Buck converter
Buck circuit: Buck chopper, kupinza uye kubuda polarity zvakafanana.
Sezvo iyo volt-yechipiri chigadzirwa cheinductor charge uye kuburitsa yakaenzana mune yakatsiga mamiriro, yekupinda voltage Ui, yakabuda voltage Uo; saka:
(Ui-Uo)ton=Uotoff
Uiton-Uoton=Uo*toff
Ui*ton=Uo(ton+toff)
Uo/Ui=ton/(ton+toff)=▲
Ndokunge, iyo yekupinza uye yekubuda voltage hukama ndeiyi:
Uo/Ui=▲ (kutenderera kwebasa)

Buck circuit topology

Buck circuit topology

Kana shanduko yakavhurwa, simba rekupinza rinocheneswa neL inductor uye C capacitor kuti ipe ikozvino kumagumo emutoro; kana switch yadzimwa, L inductor inoramba ichiyerera kuburikidza ne diode kuchengetedza mutoro wazvino unoenderera. Iyo inobuda voltage haizopfuure iyo yekupinza simba voltage nekuda kweiyo duty cycle.

2.2 Boost Converter
Boost circuit: boost chopper, yekupinda uye kubuda polarity zvakafanana.
Uchishandisa nzira imwecheteyo, zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekuti kuchaja uye kuburitsa volt-yechipiri chigadzirwa cheinductor L yakaenzana munzvimbo yakadzikama, hukama hwemagetsi hunogona kutorwa: Uo/Ui = 1/(1-▲)

Boost Circuit Topology Boost circuit topology

Iyo switch chubhu Q1 uye mutoro wedunhu iri zvakabatana zvakafanana. Kana iyo switch chubhu ikavhurwa, ikozvino inopfuura nepainductor L1 kutsvedzerera wave, uye magetsi emagetsi anochaja inductor L1. Kana iyo switch chubhu yadzimwa, inductor L inoregedzera kumutoro uye magetsi emagetsi, uye inobuda voltage ichava yekupinza voltage Ui + UL, saka ine inosimudzira mhedzisiro.

2.3 Flyback Converter

Buck-Boost Circuit: Boost / Buck Chopper, yekupinda uye inobuda polarity yakatarisana, uye inductor inofambiswa.
Ukama hwemagetsi: Uo/Ui=-▲/(1-▲)

Buck-Boost Circuit Topology

Buck-Boost Circuit Topology

Kana S iripo, simba rekutakura rinongochaja iyo inductor. Kana S yadzimwa, magetsi anoburitswa kumutoro kuburikidza neinductor kuti awane kutapurirana kwemagetsi.
Naizvozvo, iyo L inductor pano chishandiso chekufambisa simba.

(C) Nzvimbo dzekushandisa

Iyo switching power supply circuit ine zvakanakira kushanda kwepamusoro, saizi diki, huremu huremu, uye yakagadzikana kubuda magetsi, saka inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukufambiswa kwemashoko, makomputa, maindasitiri otomatiki, midziyo yemumba nemimwe minda. Semuenzaniso, mundima yekombuta, simba rekushandura rave riri guru rekushandisa kwekombuta, iyo inogona kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakagadzikana kwemidziyo yemakomputa; mumunda wesimba idzva, iyo switching power supply iri kutambawo basa rinokosha semudziyo unogona kutendeutsa simba.

Muchidimbu, iyo switching power supply circuit inoshanda uye yakavimbika simba rekushandura redunhu. Yayo kushanda musimboti inonyanya kushandura inopinza simba remagetsi kuita yakagadzikana uye yakavimbika DC simba kubuda kuburikidza nepamusoro-frequency switching kutendeuka uye kugadzirisa kusefa.


Nguva yekutumira: Oct-10-2024